Raspberry Pi 4 B modelio (8 GB) naudotojo vadovas

1. Įvadas

The Raspberry Pi 4 Model B is a powerful, credit-card sized computer designed for a wide range of applications, from desktop computing to embedded projects. This 8GB RAM version offers enhanced performance for demanding tasks. It features a quad-core Cortex-A72 (ARM v8) 64-bit SoC, dual display support up to 4K@60Hz, true Gigabit Ethernet, 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz wireless LAN, Bluetooth 5.0, and upgraded USB 3.0 ports.

Šiame vadove pateikiama esminė informacija apie „Raspberry Pi 4 Model B“ nustatymą, naudojimą, priežiūrą ir trikčių šalinimą.

1 paveikslėlis: Iš viršaus į apačią view of the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B (8GB) board, showing the main components and ports.

2. Sąranka

2.1 Components Required

• „Raspberry Pi 4“ B modelio (8 GB) plokštė
• Official Raspberry Pi USB-C Power Supply (5.1V, 3A) or equivalent
• MicroSD card (minimum 8GB, Class 10 recommended) with Raspberry Pi OS installed
• Micro HDMI to HDMI cable (x2 for dual display)
• USB klaviatūra ir pelė
• Monitorius arba televizorius su HDMI įvestimi
• (Optional) Ethernet cable for wired network connection

2.2 Preparing the MicroSD Card

1. Atsisiųskite „Raspberry Pi Imager“ programinę įrangą iš oficialios „Raspberry Pi“ svetainės websvetainę.
2. Insert your MicroSD card into a card reader connected to your computer.
3. Open Raspberry Pi Imager, select your desired operating system (e.g., Raspberry Pi OS Full), and choose your MicroSD card.
4. Click "Write" to install the operating system onto the MicroSD card. This process will erase all existing data on the card.
5. Once the writing process is complete, safely eject the MicroSD card from your computer.

2.3 Išorinių įrenginių prijungimas

Before applying power, connect all necessary peripherals:

• „MicroSD“ kortelė: Insert the prepared MicroSD card into the card slot on the underside of the Raspberry Pi.
• Ekranas: Connect one or two Micro HDMI to HDMI cables from the Raspberry Pi's Micro HDMI ports to your monitor(s).
• Klaviatūra ir pelė: Connect your USB keyboard and mouse to the USB 2.0 or USB 3.0 ports.
• Tinklas (neprivaloma): For a wired connection, plug an Ethernet cable into the Ethernet port.

2 paveikslėlis: Šonas view of the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, highlighting the USB 2.0, USB 3.0, and Ethernet ports.

2.4 Įjungimas

Once all peripherals are connected, plug the USB-C power supply into the Raspberry Pi's USB-C power port. The Raspberry Pi will automatically power on and begin the boot process. The red power LED will illuminate, and the green activity LED will flash during boot.

3. Naudojimo instrukcijos

3.1 First Boot and Initial Configuration

On the first boot, Raspberry Pi OS will guide you through an initial setup wizard. This includes setting your country, language, timezone, creating a new password, connecting to Wi-Fi, and updating software. Follow the on-screen prompts to complete the setup.

3.2 Desktop Environment

After initial setup, you will be presented with the Raspberry Pi OS desktop environment. This functions similarly to other desktop operating systems, allowing you to browse the web, edit documents, program, and more.

3.3 Ryšys

• „Wi-Fi“: Connect to a wireless network using the network icon in the top-right corner of the desktop.
• Bluetooth: Pair Bluetooth devices via the Bluetooth icon in the top-right corner.
• Ethernet: If an Ethernet cable is connected, the Raspberry Pi will automatically establish a wired network connection.

3.4 GPIO antraštė

The 40-pin GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) header allows you to connect and control various electronic components and sensors. Refer to the official Raspberry Pi documentation for detailed information on GPIO programming and usage.

3 pav.: Viršus view of the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, showing the 40-pin GPIO header on the left side.

4. Priežiūra

4.1 Programinės įrangos naujiniai

Regularly update your Raspberry Pi OS to ensure optimal performance, security, and access to the latest features. Open a terminal and run the following commands:

sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
sudo reboot

4.2 Aušinimas

The Raspberry Pi 4 can generate significant heat under heavy load. For sustained performance, especially in enclosed spaces or demanding applications, consider using a heatsink or an active cooling solution (e.g., a fan) to prevent thermal throttling.

4 paveikslėlis: Stambus planas view of the main processor chip on the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, which can benefit from cooling solutions.

4.3 Safe Shutdown

Always shut down your Raspberry Pi properly to prevent data corruption on the MicroSD card. You can do this via the desktop menu (Menu > Shutdown > Shutdown) or by opening a terminal and typing:

sudo shutdown -h now

Wait for the green activity LED to stop flashing before disconnecting power.

5. Problemų sprendimas

• Nėra ekrano išvesties:
  • Ensure Micro HDMI cables are securely connected to both the Raspberry Pi and the monitor.
  • Verify the monitor is set to the correct input source.
  • Try a different Micro HDMI cable or monitor.
  • Ensure the MicroSD card has a valid operating system installed.
• Power Issues (No LEDs, No Boot):
  • Confirm you are using a compatible 5.1V 3A USB-C power supply.
  • Check the power cable and connection.
  • Try a different power supply if available.
• „Wi-Fi“ / „Bluetooth“ ryšio problemos:
  • Ensure the Wi-Fi/Bluetooth module is enabled in the Raspberry Pi OS settings.
  • Check for correct network credentials.
  • Move the Raspberry Pi closer to the wireless access point.
  • Įsitikinkite, kad jokios fizinės kliūtys neužblokuoja signalo.
• Lėtas našumas:
  • Check for excessive heat and consider adding a cooling solution.
  • Ensure your MicroSD card is a high-speed (Class 10 or higher) card.
  • Uždarykite nereikalingas programas.
  • Atlikite programinės įrangos atnaujinimą.

For more detailed troubleshooting, visit the official Raspberry Pi documentation and community forums.

6. Specifikacijos

5 paveikslėlis: Stambus planas view of the dual Micro HDMI ports and the MIPI CSI camera port on the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B.

7. Garantija ir palaikymas

Dėl garantijos informacijos ir techninės pagalbos kreipkitės į oficialią „Raspberry Pi“ websvetainėje arba susisiekite su pirkimo vieta. Išsaugokite pirkimo įrodymą garantiniams reikalavimams.

Oficialus Raspberry Pi Websvetainė: www.raspberrypi.org